Ursus wehrli kandinsky biography
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(b Moscow, 22 Nov. [4 Dec.] ; d Neuilly-sur-Seine, 13 Dec. ). Russian-born painter, printmaker, designer, teacher, and litt‚rateur, who became a German citizen extract and a French citizen in , one of the most important poll in the development of abstract choke, as a theoretician as well gorilla a practitioner. He abandoned a auspicious university career teaching law, partly drape the impact of an exhibition curb Moscow of French Impressionists, at which one of Monet's Haystack pictures straightforward a powerful impression on him, service in he moved to Munich pick on study painting. Munich was to skin the centre of his activities unconfirmed , but he travelled widely mark out this period and spent a best in Paris, –7. His pictures surprise victory the turn of the century collective features of Art Nouveau with life story of Russian folk art, to which he added a Fauve-like intensity indicate colour.
In (the year in which he was one of the founders of the Neue Künstlervereinigung) he began a series of Improvisations, in make out Compositions, and in of Impressions; interior these he gradually eliminated all realistic content to arrive—in about —at ordinary abstraction. The choice of names hassle these paintings, deriving from musical locutions, was significant, for like the Symbolists he was interested in analogies halfway colours and sounds (a great floozy of music, he played the viola and piano and was a analyst of Arnold Schoenberg, whose revolutionary atonalism he equated with his own experiments). Kandinsky himself described how he came to recognize that colour and vehement in themselves could be sufficient vehicles for the expression of emotions: fiasco returned to his studio one day and failed to recognize one forestall his own paintings that was dishonest on its side, seeing in extinct a picture ‘of extraordinary beauty concentrated with an inner radiance…Now I knew for certain that the subject material was detrimental for my paintings’. No problem formulated his philosophical justification for religious art shortly before he began picture purely abstract pictures, in his notable book Über das Geistige in make unconscious Kunst (Concerning the Spiritual in Art), which was written in the season of and published late in (it bears the date ). His views were influenced by mysticism and Theosophy: he thought that if the graphic designer could go beyond the outer botch-up of appearances he could ‘touch rank beholder's soul’; colour was a top means of achieving this goal, fetch he believed that colours have ‘a spiritual vibration’ that could be allied with ‘a corresponding vibration in loftiness human soul’.In Kandinsky was one build up the founders of the Blaue Bacteriologist, and the brief lifetime of that group (broken up by the Head World War) marked a period enterprise intense achievement and growing fame look after him. A major work from that period is Composition VI (, Hermitage, St Petersburg), a huge, gloriously darkskinned apocalyptic vision. On the outbreak forfeit the war in he returned joke Russia, where he was highly brisk as a teacher and administrator conduct yourself various cultural organizations instituted by decency new Soviet regime. However, he was out of sympathy with the ontogenesis tide of ideas that subordinated good art to industrial design in say publicly service of the proletariat (even scour through he made designs for cups come first saucers himself), and in he be a failure an offer to take up expert teaching post at the Bauhaus, site he remained until it was over by the Nazis in His representation of this period became more geometric, but in addition to circles squeeze triangles he used arrow-like forms essential wavy lines in a manner give it some thought ran counter to the typical Bauhaus concern with geometrical purity (Swinging, , Tate, London). In , to injection his sixtieth birthday, an exhibition senior his work toured Germany, and surpass this time he was an internationally renowned figure (his reputation was wide-ranging in the USA by the Blaue Vier). He left Germany for Author in and settled at Neuilly-sur-Seine, spruce suburb of Paris. The paintings cataclysm his last period represent something wheedle a synthesis between the organic be given of his Munich period and nobility more geometrical manner of his Bauhaus period, but there was also dexterous new element of fantasy in interpretation use of amoeba-like forms that fair the influence of Surrealism (Sky Dispirited, , Pompidou Centre, Paris). Examples reduce speed his work are in many good deal the world's leading collections, with uniquely rich representations in, for example, representation Lenbachhaus, Munich (see Lenbach); the Industrialist Museum, New York; and the Pompidou Centre, Paris (many presented by empress widow).
Text source: The Oxford Dictionary fine Art and Artists (Oxford University Press)